Since sinkholes began to form a stone’s throw away on I-80, Alexandra Lawler has counted 50 to 60 cracks throughout her Avalon Wharton apartment complex.
She scrolls through pics of them on her phone.
Fractures above doorways, fissures in the concrete on the roof and tiny breaks in the walls. Marks the building owner has insisted don’t appear to be resulting from the sinkholes. The complex is safe, Avalon and town officials say.
Still, the Morris County sinkholes have come steadily. One first opened up on Dec. 27 followed by a second Feb. 10. A third was reported during drilling operations last week. And a fourth opened up on a nearby stretch of I-287 two days later.
According to residents at the 250-unit Avalon building, the cracks have come steadily as well.
“The higher up you go, there’s new cracks forming. Some are getting worse,” 29-year-old Lawler, who lives in Avalon with her boyfriend and a Papillon named Freyja, told NJ Advance Media.
Her boyfriend “has high blood pressure,” Lawler said, of what concerned her the most. “This has been very stressful for him.”
Besides the structural integrity of bustling New Jersey roads amid sinkhole concerns, residents and experts say there is reason to worry for properties and people who live near these gaping holes as well.
Since reports last week of the I-80 issues, the mayor of Wharton has come out to reassure those at the Avalon apartments there that it is safe. NJ Advance Media was also provided the most recent inspection report where third party engineers found no inherent dangers at the property. But many of the hundreds who reside at the complex say their concerns are not being heard, they are dubious of the owner because of past controversial incidents including a rent battle in Hoboken and the aftermath of a fire in Edgewater. And families said they want a deeper investigation for their well-being.
Wharton Mayor William Chegwidden said he would not let people reside at the Avalon building if the structure was at risk.
“I understand the residents' concerns,” he said last week. “However, I want to emphasize that the building has undergone three separate inspections in the past three weeks, and all reports confirm that it is safe for occupancy.”
Virginia-based AvalonBay Communities is among the nation’s largest owners of apartments, with 93,518 units in New Jersey alone.
In the aftermath of a second sinkhole, the Wharton Construction Department conducted an inspection of the building March 6. Because Avalon promised to consult third-party experts, that was followed by a Bowman Consulting Group survey (which the mayor has referred to as a second inspection) on March 8.
Veitas Engineers conducted its own inspection March 10.
AvalonBay Communities, owner of the Avalon Wharton apartments, has told residents not to worry, citing the inspection results. The company also said further monitoring efforts are happening now.
None of the cracks look to have recently formed, AvalonBay said. The company cited third-party inspectors they note revealed those cracks were not new, despite reports from residents.
However, Chegwidden confirmed that an abandoned mineshaft from the late 1800s runs beneath the complex.
Other Avalon residents, like Megan Schmiedhauser and Celena Garrafa, said they are mindful of that fact and are awaiting additional vetting of the situation.
They want Avalon to be transparent throughout the process.
Some residents also highlighted last week that the consultant that did the recent inspection for Avalon has a history with the apartment owner.
Asked by NJ Advance Media about claims over a conflict of interest by some residents and if AvalonBay worked with Bowman Consulting Group and Veitas Engineers when the Wharton complex was first built, the company did not directly respond.
“AvalonBay, like all developers, works with a variety of design and engineering firms at many stages during a property’s construction,” a spokesperson said.
“All third-party inspections have been conducted by reputable licensed professionals and all findings were generated independently to help ensure our residents’ continued safety,” the Avalon spokesperson added. “The Wharton Construction Department, which is licensed by the New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, also conducted their own inspection.”
Chegwidden said he felt confident given the three assessments.
As of now, the building owner has not announced a new inspection following the third and fourth nearby sinkholes.
All the sinkholes, authorities said, are attributed to collapsing mineshafts which have long been abandoned throughout northern New Jersey, including under the Morris County borough.
The March 10 inspection of Avalon, a copy of which was provided to NJ Advance Media, says Veitas Engineers sought to investigate the four-story light-framed wood building and adjacent five-story precast concrete parking structure to look over conditions after sinkhole collapses.
The report pointed to vertical cracks and bumps on the interior and exterior of the building and parking garage. A total number of cracks was not included.
However, Avalon linked them all to expected loading settlement, shrinkage and general wear. The company said it will make inspection reports available to residents too.
“Nearby construction, quarry blasting and seismic activity over the lifetime of the building can contribute to the appearance of cracking in finish material,” an excerpt from the inspection report reads. “No dangerous conditions were observed, and the current conditions do not pose a risk of collapse.”
The Massachusetts engineering firm noted in its conclusion that “it cannot be assumed that this report identifies all structural conditions.” Specifically, it pointed to conditions beyond Veitas Engineers' area of expertise or those that could be impacted as a result of the ongoing work on the I-80 repairs.
Is building an apartment above a mineshaft inherently a bad idea? With 588 abandoned mines throughout northern New Jersey, the Avalon apartments are far from the only structures built in proximity to these old shafts.
Paul Santi, a professor of geology and geological engineering at the Colorado School of Mines, said last week that if local and state codes are followed — and engineers sign off — it should be safe.
“However, there are certainly differing levels of experience among engineers with these types of hazards, and sometimes even disagreements among those with substantial experience,” Santi said. “To me this underscores the value of having engineering geologists or geological engineers on the team, a category of professionals who are trained specifically in this sort of problem.”
Casey Jones, a geotechnical engineer from Kansas, simply called the prospect of building above an old mineshaft “not ideal.”
He suggested Avalon install crack and vibration monitors to see if there are any changes going forward.
“While it’s true that there is a former mine in the area,” Mayor Chegwidden said Friday, “I want to clarify that the site was remediated prior to the building’s construction. Additionally, multiple agencies, including the NJ Office of Safety Compliance, have inspected and approved the remediation work.”
An AvalonBay spokesperson said when the Wharton building was constructed in 2012, the team worked with geotechnical engineers and third-party experts to “thoroughly examine” the site.
“This comprehensive assessment led to the design and implementation of an underground structural system specifically engineered to address the site conditions,” the company spokesperson said, “including remediation of hazards from abandoned mining activity.”
In light of the recent inspections, Avalon also said engineers recommended the building owner consult a geotechnical engineer to review the site conditions as they were at the time of construction in the early 2010s, “as well as compare the new survey data to the original conditions.”
“Even though when it was built they looked at the stability of soils and everything went fine ... things can change over time,” said Santi, of the Colorado School of Mines.
Not having visited the site nor seen the cracks limits how much Santi could lend his expertise, he said. But considering the apartment was built atop a 120-foot-deep mineshaft closed since 1886, the site should be analyzed again to ensure all former work done is in line with current engineering standards and with modern material, he said.
N.J. senator suggests bussing commuters off gridlocked I-80 after 3rd sinkhole https://t.co/bNyWxKmvVP
— njdotcom (@njdotcom) March 21, 2025
“We actually published a paper ... on how to diagnose different causes of ‘settlement,’" he said, referring to the downward movement or sinking of a structure’s foundation. “What are the clues that you look at to narrow down the possible list of causes for that?”
Patrick Fox, the dean of the Russ College of Engineering and Technology at Ohio University — emphasized that he was not familiar with the specific nuances of the situation at the Avalon apartments either.
“But with how close the apartment building to the where the sinkholes are,” Fox said, “this would be something to investigate. Because you’ve got an area of sinkholes nearby that have occurred and so you would want to check the area all around for other possible problems.”
NJ Advance Media staff writer Larry Higgs contributed to this report.
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