Public health advocates are concerned about the effect of federal budget cuts and layoffs on efforts to prevent childhood lead poisoning in Pennsylvania.
“We’re at risk in Pennsylvania,” said Rosemarie Halt, chair of the Lead Free Promise Project of Pennsylvania. “Having this funding interrupted will interrupt a lot of really good programs.”
Layoffs in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services eliminated the federal Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program staff in its entirety, said Halt.
Cuts to the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) also froze some funding to state and local governments, she said, such as a $500,000 grant that had just been awarded to the city of Chester, Pa., for lead poisoning prevention efforts in the community.
The cuts were part of what HHS described as a “dramatic restructuring” as part of President Donald Trump’s Department of Government Efficiency Workplace Optimization Initiative. In a March 27 press release announcing the cuts, HHS said that the reduction of about 10,000 full-time employees would save taxpayers $1.8 billion per year.
“Over time, bureaucracies like HHS become wasteful and inefficient even when most of their staff are dedicated and competent civil servants,” HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. said at the time. “This overhaul will be a win-win for taxpayers and for those that HHS serves.
In response to HHS cuts that terminated federal grants to state agencies, Pennsylvania and 22 other states sued the federal government on April 1, alleging that the government had violated existing contracts. In Pennsylvania, those grants amounted to $500 million dollars, according to a press release from the state.
Lead is a neurotoxin that can impair brain development, particularly when children are exposed before the age of 6. Lead exposure most commonly occurs through peeling or flaking lead paint or household dust containing lead, though it can also be ingested through water traveling through lead pipes, soil or in the air near industrial facilities.
Pennsylvania has the fourth-oldest housing stock in the nation, and 80% of housing in Allegheny County was built before 1978, when lead paint was outlawed.
In 2023, 3.12% of children in Allegheny County tested positive for what the CDC defines as an elevated blood lead level of over 3.5 ??micrograms of lead per deciliter.
The federal government distributes money to state and local governments through its Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program.
It is unclear what the effect of the layoffs will be on programs that are currently receiving federal funding.
“If they fired all the staff, we’re all assuming there’s nobody monitoring the grants,” said Halt. “We’re still trying to determine what it looks like in Pennsylvania, but there’s nobody to ask.”
A Pittsburgh-based nonprofit organization, Women for a Healthy Environment, has a three-year grant from the Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program, receiving $190,940 each year.
At Women for a Healthy Environment, the grant money is used to provide workshops on how to identify lead in the home and assess the risk, conduct lead inventory risk assessments in homes, provide training to contractors and run public awareness campaigns on social media and other sources.
“We certainly are hopeful that federal funding will continue because we know that’s a critical resource,” said Michelle Naccarati-Chapkis, executive director of Women for a Healthy Environment. “I think it’s the question of the unknown at this point. At this point we are proceeding with business as usual.”
Allegheny County is in the second year of a three-year federal grant from the Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program, receiving $31,000 per year. The money is used for outreach and education to the general public and to families with children with elevated lead levels.
In addition to the effect that the layoffs could have on state and local grants, both Naccarati-Chapkis and Halt expressed concern about the impact that the staff reduction could have on lead prevention efforts nationally. The employees at the CDC who lost their jobs were instrumental in tracing cases of very high lead levels in children to the cinnamon in applesauce pouches manufactured in Ecuador. The effort led to a recall of 3 million applesauce pouches starting in October of 2023.
“The department that investigated that was cut,” said Halt. “They were putting everything from the states together, figuring out where the applesauce was concentrated. Who is going to do that? The local governments and states can’t do that.”
There have been some indications that the Childhood Lead Prevention Program could be moved into a different division within HHS, but likely without the same staff to support it, said Halt.
“There is a great deal of fear right now in public health,” said Halt, “because we just don’t know what we’re dealing with.”
First Published: May 3, 2025, 1:00 a.m. Updated: May 3, 2025, 12:40 p.m.
Anya Sostek is a Post-Gazette health reporter who has been with the organization since 2004. A Duke University graduate, she previously worked as a business, education, news and features reporter.
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