WASHINGTON - Several new laws in Washington state will go into effect in 2025, impacting general workers and health care.
Key changes include stronger protection for health care workers, including a ban on mandatory overtime in certain settings, expanded rights for app-based workers and a new paid sick leave law. Fines for covered license plates also go into effect in 2025, and the state’s minimum wage is set to increase as well.
Keep reading to learn more about the new laws going into effect in Washington in January 2025, and how they may impact you.
WA's new Paid Sick Leave law to take effect in 2025
Washington's new Paid Sick Leave law (SB 5793) takes effect on Jan. 1, and means that workers, including drivers for transportation companies, will have access to paid sick leave and will be protected from discrimination or retaliation when exercising their rights. Here's a more in depth breakdown:
Employers must provide at least one hour of paid sick leave for every 40 hours worked. Employees can use this leave for personal or family illness, medical treatment, preventive care or in emergencies like school or business closures.
The leave is available after 90 days of employment and can be carried over, up to 40 hours annually. Employers must also maintain transparency regarding the sick leave balance.
For absences over three days, employers may ask for verification, but it must not cause undue burden. Employers are not required to pay out unused sick leave when an employee leaves, except for certain construction workers. Rehired employees within 12 months will have their unused leave reinstated.
New paid sick leave rules will apply to drivers of companies like Uber or Lyft. They must accrue one hour of paid sick leave for every 40 hours worked, with the same eligibility requirements.
The compensation for sick leave will be based on average hourly earnings. Drivers can also carry over up to 40 hours of unused sick leave, and must have an accessible system to request it. Drivers will also be protected from retaliation for using sick leave.
WA's new law for app-based workers to take effect in 2025
Seattle Council Bill No. 120580 goes into effect on Jan. 1, and aims to ensure fairness and transparency in how app-based workers in Seattle are treated by companies, especially regarding deactivation that can impact their livelihoods. Here's a more in-depth breakdown:
A phone is held displaying the Uber app on Dec. 10, 2021.
The law requires network companies (those using algorithms to manage app-based workers) to have clear and reasonable policies for deactivating workers. These policies must be related to safe and efficient operations.
Workers must receive a NOD 14 days before being deactivated, unless there's egregious misconduct. In such cases, the NOD will be provided on the same day as the deactivation.
Before deactivating a worker, companies must conduct an investigation with evidence supporting the decision. The deactivation must be proportionate, consistent and non-discriminatory.
Workers can challenge their deactivation within 90 days of receiving the NOD. Companies must respond to the challenge within 14 days and provide a written statement about their decision. If the challenge is unresolved, the worker can file a complaint with the Office of Labor Standards or pursue legal action.
Workers are entitled to the records used to justify their deactivation. Any new evidence discovered after the NOD must also be shared with the worker.
The law covers companies with 250 or more workers who perform services in Seattle. Workers are covered if they have completed at least 10% of their tasks within the city in the last 180 days.
The OLS will enforce the ordinance. Initial implementation costs are estimated at $1 million annually for staffing, outreach, and translation services.
The law is designed to address disparities faced by historically disadvantaged communities, particularly Black and Latino workers. The notice of rights must be provided in the workers' primary language.
A new WA license plate law is coming in 2025
Starting January 1, having a cover over your license plate will result in a fine.
Since June 2024, the law has stated violators will only be given a written warning, with information about the law and further penalties that will begin in 2025.
Health care workers to adopt new smoke evacuation systems law in 2025
Some lifesaving surgical procedures require lasers, radio frequency devices and power tools, which can create smoke harmful to surgical staff. Substitute House Bill 1779, effective Jan. 1, requires health care employers in Washington to adopt policies requiring the use of smoke evacuation systems during these procedures.
The systems must capture and neutralize smoke before it contacts the eyes or respiratory tract of anyone in the operating room. The law applies to hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers and allows flexibility in choosing the type of system.
Surgeons at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham conduct an operation on June 14, 2006, in Birmingham, England. (Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)
Hospitals must select a smoke evacuation system based on surgical needs and safety considerations. Compliance will be monitored through inspections by the Department of Labor and Industries. Certain hospitals, including critical access hospitals and those with fewer than 25 beds, will have until Jan. 1, to comply with the requirements.
To support this change, a reimbursement program has been established for eligible hospitals to receive up to $1,000 per operating room for the purchase of smoke evacuation systems. Hospitals must apply to L&I for reimbursement, with funds limited to the amount available in the state’s surgical smoke evacuation account.
WA to prohibit mandatory overtime for health care workers in 2025
Starting Jan. 1, hospitals in Washington will be prohibited from mandating overtime for certain health care workers under a new law.
This policy, issued by L&I in June, restricts mandatory overtime for hospital employees directly involved in patient care, including nurses, surgical technicians and other clinical staff. The law applies to workers who are paid hourly or covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
While most hospitals must comply by January, smaller hospitals and critical access facilities have until July 1. Contract and travel staff are not covered under the new rules.
The law allows for four exceptions where overtime may still be required: in emergency situations, during pre-scheduled on-call time, when staffing shortages occur despite reasonable efforts, and when overtime is necessary to complete a patient care procedure.
Hospitals must document their efforts to avoid overtime; non-compliance may result in civil penalties. Employees can file complaints with L&I, which will investigate violations. Penalties for violations could reach up to $5,000 per infraction.
Hospitals are advised to review their policies and engage legal counsel to ensure compliance.
WA's new minimum wage in 2025
Beginning January 1, the minimum wage in Washington state will go up to $16.66 per hour, up 2.35% from 2024.
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