About 75 residents crowded into the Upper Makefield Township Supervisors' meeting on Tuesday night after a jet fuel leak was discovered from a pipeline under Washington Crossing.
At least six wells in the Glenwood Drive neighborhood have tested positive for jet fuel-related chemicals, said Carl "Gus" Borkland, an emergency planning and security director for the pipeline company Energy Transfer on Tuesday.
Tim Thomas, an Upper Makefield board member who lives in the neighborhood, said he smelled gas in his neighbor's water over a year ago. Sunoco had tested the well and told the resident the smell likely came from bacteria, Thomas said.
Now he and others fear the smell was connected to the confirmed leak, and are looking for answers.
At the meeting, another neighbor, Kevin Wojnovich, said he contacted Sunoco — the pipeline operator owned by Energy Transfer — in September 2023 about a gas smell in his water, adding that the company dug into his neighbor's backyard at the time, but didn't find a leak.
Two separate tests — one through Sunoco, and one Wojnovich had done privately — came back within legal limits for chemicals, Wojnovich said, though at least one test was inconclusive for an "unknown VOC." VOCs, or volatile organic compounds, can include petroleum products.
But last week, Wojnovich's water tested positive for jet fuel chemicals, he said. The leak was found on the same property, just yards away from the previous dig.
Results from a late January test at another nearby well reviewed by this news organization showed levels far above the legal limit for benzene, xylenes, and other chemicals. Long-term benzene exposure can cause cancer, according to the EPA, while long-term xylene exposure may cause kidney damage, according to the CDC.
A water test reviewed by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection in January revealed 15 inches of kerosene in one well's water, DEP representative Lisa Strobridge said Tuesday night.
Energy Transfer found the leak Friday afternoon, according to a press release shared with Upper Makefield Township.
It remains unclear how long the pipe was leaking, or how much water and soil is affected. At least 78 wells are being tested, Borkland said.
What is the Sunoco pipeline?
The 14-inch pipeline runs jet fuel over 100 miles from Sunoco's Twin Oaks fuel terminal in Delaware County to Newark, New Jersey, with a section under the Delaware River and through Washington Crossing in Upper Makefield.
That section — which sits about a mile from the recent leak — was replaced two years ago as part of a project that moved an exposed section of pipe on the New Jersey side underground.
The pipeline was originally built in 1956, Energy Transfer spokersperson Joe Massaro said at the meeting, adding that the company believes that with proper maintenance, the steel pipe's lifespan is "infinite."
Upper Makefield Township is holding another public meeting to discuss the leak on Thursday night at 7:30 p.m. with Sunoco and DEP representatives.
Jess Rohan can be reached at [email protected].
This story was updated to correct an inaccuracy.