Margaret Barthel / DCist/WAMU
City planners in Alexandria are recommending that lawmakers eliminate single-family-only zoning – a proposal that has already proven contentious among residents who oppose more densely-populated neighborhoods, and that officials project might only add up to about 178 units of additional housing over the next decade.
The proposal is part of the city’s “Zoning for Housing” initiative, a slate of recommendations unveiled Tuesday evening by the Alexandria Planning Commission aimed at increasing the production of apartments and, consequently, lowering the cost of housing.
“We are here because of an urgent and important problem that our city, our region, and our nation is facing, and that is a housing crisis, where the cost of housing has increased at a pace faster than incomes,” Karl Moritz, Alexandria’s planning and zoning director, said at a presentation on Tuesday.
“Some of the things that we will be proposing will just make it easier to produce a housing unit that fits in with the community. Others are more challenging. They’re asking us to rethink some long held truths or principles in order to expand access to certain neighborhoods that, right now, you really have to have a very high income to afford,” he added.
Officials estimate that 15,500 renter households – roughly 10% of the city’s population – are housing cost-burdened, paying more than 30% of their income on rent. The average assessed value of a single family home, meanwhile, is more than $940,000.
Mortiz’s office is suggesting that, among other measures, lawmakers move to eliminate single-family-only zoning, which accounts for one-third of the city’s land area. Depending on how aggressively lawmakers decide to relax zoning ordinances, developers would be allowed to build up to four units of housing per lot in neighborhoods currently zoned only for single homes.
Though controversial among some vocal coalitions of residents in Northern Virginia, the policy has become more popular across the country in recent years as cities grapple with how to meet a surging demand for more – and more affordable – homes. Minneapolis, Los Angeles, and Portland, Oregon have all relaxed or eliminated single-family zoning ordinances. During a protracted debate over how to develop more housing for middle-income residents, so too did Arlington, Alexandria’s neighbor to the north.
“As I had been saying all spring, if we are going to address our housing crisis, we shouldn’t take a third of the land off the table, in terms of how we hope to address the issue,” Moritz said.
City planners in Alexandria also proposed about a dozen other more modest plans that would allow for a meager uptick in density. Those include reduced requirements for off-street parking in areas close to public transit, as well as modifying building criteria in designated industrial zones requiring new development to be compatible with pedestrian-scale development.
But officials did not recommend that lawmakers relax height limits on new multifamily buildings in certain neighborhoods – a policy that would allow the city to achieve greater density – arguing that studies suggest the additional density “did not create enough value” in certain projects to pay for the affordable units required in new development.
The push to relax strict zoning requirements comes as Alexandria, along with the rest of the metro D.C. region, inches closer to a regional deadline to collectively build 320,000 new units of housing by 2030. Alexandria reported in 2019 that, since the year 2000, its stock of affordable, non-subsidized rental housing declined by 88%.
Officials’ projections for how much housing the changes could produce appear relatively low compared with that need: taken together, the relaxed zoning rules might spur only an additional 150 to 178 units over the next decade, planners said, assuming that other policies dictating things like building height and lot coverage stay the same.
Councilmember Sarah Bagley and Melissa McMahon, vice president of the city’s planning commission, asked Moritz to provide lawmakers with a tally of how much housing each individual recommendation might produce in isolation.
“I’m a tiny bit underwhelmed with the potential impact that I’m seeing in the proposals that we’ve gone over tonight,” McMahon said. “And I don’t – it’s not really a criticism. It’s more like a sense of existential disappointment that the challenges that we face are so large that everything that you have spent months looking at when it comes to land use and zoning is still barely moving the needle.”
Tuesday’s meeting kicks off a series of scheduled hearings and town halls on the slate of proposals, where the public will have the opportunity to comment. The next community meeting is scheduled for Sept. 14.
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