Some started out as militia training grounds. Others were intended to be burial grounds. Today, most of them hold concerts, holiday celebrations and quaint shops.
Town greens have been part of Connecticut's landscape since the 1600s, and they have served multiple purposes throughout history. There are currently 172 town greens — a rectangular patch of grass near the town's center — in Connecticut, according to the Connecticut Office of Tourism.
"They're places that really become centers of activity and centers of symbolism in the community," Christopher Wigren, deputy director of Preservation Connecticut, said.
The concept of town greens derives from England's village greens, areas used for recreational activities in English towns. When English settlers started planning out areas of New England towns, they reserved a common area for public use, according to Connecticut History.
"They needed this space for various things because...the church was a common space, but you can't have a market in the church. You can't talk about politics in the church," Eric Lehman, author of "Connecticut Town Greens: History of the State's Common Centers," said. "You can't do any of these things, so you needed a common space."
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Lehman said that the earliest planned town green in Connecticut is New Haven's town green, which originated in 1638, according to Preservation Connecticut's database for town greens.
"The town green was famously built as a potential cemetery," Lehman said.
Early New Haven settlers buried thousands of bodies under its town green. While some remains under the green have been identified and relocated to Grove Street Cemetery or the Center Church Crypt, there are up to 5,000 bodies that remain buried under the New Haven Green, according to Center Church.
Another town green that was once used as burial grounds is Guilford's town green. The green was also used as land for livestock and militia training, and the graves there were moved from the Guilford Green to nearby cemeteries, according to Visit Guilford.
Today, town greens in Connecticut have varied purposes and appearances. Part of Lebanon's town green has a pasture-like area of long grass that reflects the "agrarian roots of the community," according to Preservation Connecticut's town green database. Other town greens, like New Milford's, are home to monuments honoring veterans or historical figures and moments. A bronze bust of Abraham Lincoln and a flagpole dedicated to Korean War veterans sit on the New Milford Green.
"Each (town green) is a little bit different. Each town operates a little bit differently," Wigren said. "New Englanders are very fond of that kind of independence. We make our own decisions, and if we run things a little bit differently than the next town, well, that's just what suits us."
Although many towns in the Nutmeg State have a town green, sometimes even multiple, there are Connecticut towns that have no town greens — or no longer have town greens.
In New London, maps of the town from the 1850s show a green space called a "town square" underneath one of the town's burial grounds. Today, the town's former green space is the location of Regional Multicultural Magnet School.
"Greens are not immortal. They require people to believe in them, so to speak," Lehman said. "If the community fractures, if people don't know their history, if people don't care about their community anymore, then these things go away. But it can also happen the other way."
Some towns have invested more resources into their town green spaces. On March 11, the city of Branford announced that it would invest in renovating the Branford town green this spring, making improvements to its grounds, sidewalks, crosswalks and curbs.
While writing his book on town greens, Lehman met a woman who moved from Branford to Florida and, a few years after moving away, attended Branford's Christmas tree lighting on its town green and burst into tears at the sight.
"She wasn't a spiritual person. She didn't go to the church there or anything, but this was a spiritual experience for her. This place, this center of her community," Lehman said. "This meant New England to her, this meant Connecticut to her, this meant home, and so there's something incredibly valuable about that."
Lehman said that it's important for Connecticut towns to maintain their town greens because they provide a concrete location for fostering "strong community spirit."
"That's the center, that's the town. It's right there. If I just live in some suburb, where do I live?" Lehman said. "That's what they think of when they think of their town...a green is a really valuable place for everybody to think about."
Correction: This story has been updated to say there are 172 town greens in Connecticut.
March 25, 2025
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Jayden Nguyen is a Trending Reporter for CT Insider. She has been with Hearst Connecticut Media Group since 2024.
Originally from Louisiana, Jayden graduated from Louisiana State University (LSU) in 2023 with a degree in mass communication and a minor in French.
When she's not writing, she can be found watching Formula 1 races, scrolling through TikTok, singing or listening to anything from K-Pop to rap to Taylor Swift.
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