Columbus Day remains a federal holiday observed in October.
It is recognized in some states as Indigenous Peoples’ Day instead. So, what exactly is Columbus Day, when is it, and why is it contested?
Here's what to know:
When is Indigenous Peoples' Day? When is Columbus Day and why is it contested?
While not an official federal holiday, Indigenous Peoples' Day is celebrated yearly on the second Monday of October — the same day as Columbus Day. This year, the holiday falls on Oct. 12.
Columbus Day has been a federal holiday since 1937, commemorating the landing of Christopher Columbus in the Americas in 1492. On Oct. 12 of that year, Columbus' fleet anchored in what today is part of the Bahamas, after having left Europe in search for a route toward Asia.
But in recent years, the day has come under criticism for its purported celebration of Christopher Columbus’ colonialism in the Americas, and abuse of indigenous peoples.
In 2021, then President Joe Biden signed a proclamation formally recognizing and observing Indigenous Peoples’ Day.
Indigenous Peoples’ Day celebrates the original people of North America. It’s often held up as a counter holiday to Columbus Day, seen by some as a celebration of the continent’s colonization.
The idea of celebrating Indigenous Peoples’ Day gained traction in 1977 during an international conference on discrimination sponsored by the United Nations. South Dakota became the first state to formally recognize this day in 1989, and other places, including the California cities of Berkeley and Santa Cruz, did the same soon after.
Before the federal proclamation in 2021, there were already 16 states that had formally recognized Indigenous Peoples’ Day.
New Mexico, Maine, Vermont, Alaska and South Dakota went even further as to fully cancel Columbus Day, as opposed to celebrating it simultaneously with Indigenous Peoples’ Day like other states did.
Does New Jersey celebrates Indigenous Peoples' day?
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is not an official state holiday and has never been proclaimed as an observation.
Multiple bills have been introduced at the state level to recognize the holiday, and at least one mentioned eliminating Columbus Day. None have been passed in to law.
Some New Jersey municipalities observe Indigenous Peoples’ Day and a few school districts have started to list it alongside Columbus Day.
Juan Carlos Castillo is a New Jersey-based trending reporter for the USA Today network. He covers weather, and national events focusing on how they affect New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware.